\r\n \r\n The best thing in the world for inflammation is fish oil, a good quality fish oil free of mercury and pcb\'s, at about 2 grams per day.
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\nAnother super inflammation fighter is curcumin. Again this should be a good quality product.
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\nI would suggest a good quality supplement of liquid colloidal minerals, such as doctor Joel Wallach\'s product. This product contains over 60 minerals, including essential trace minerals, in optimal amounts. When you sweat, you don\'t just lose water, you lose nutrients, and these must be replaced on a daily basis, thus the colloidal minerals. You could also use a good quality sea salt instead of regular table salt, which is nearly void of nutrients.
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\nI would also suggest you do some research on the above natural ingredients.\r\n

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\r\n \r\n Re: sweating. Most of our dance is anaerobic. We don\'t sweat very much because we often stop-start. Does this change any of the recommendations? I do use an all natural sea salt vs table salt.\r\n

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\r\n \r\n No, its not just sweating, however the more you sweat the more vitamins/minerals you lose. The type of water you drink is important, (hopefully not tap water). Ingredients like fluoride, chlorine, pesticides, and recycled pharma drugs affect the good gut bacteria in a bad way.
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\nAlso, the fruits and veggies of today contain alot less nutrients than they used to, which is another good reason to supplement with a good quality vitamin/mineral product.
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\nKudos for not using regular table salt.\r\n

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\r\n \r\n People with celiac disease have problems absorbing and retaining copper.
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\nLow copper could partially account for your muscle,joints,tendon and skin symptoms due to low collagen, which is dependant on adequate copper levels. Neurotransmitters which regulate moods are also dependent on copper.
\n
\nhttps://glutenfreeworks.com/blog/2010...eliac-disease/
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\nLow copper has also been found in fibromyalgia.
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\nIf you still have the standard fibromyalgia symptoms of painful pressure points, then you are also probably low on calcium, magnesium,iron and manganese as well.
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\nhttps://www.fmnetnews.com/latest-news...f-fibromyalgia
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\nHigh inflammatory diseases such as fibro, drain the adrenal glands, which are designed to produce the hormone cortisol to alleviate inflammation, and cortisol levels can get depleted as a result. Siberian ginseng can help.
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\nhttps://www.iherb.com/Now-Foods-Eleut...0-Capsules/557
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\nTaking the mineral supplements already mentioned will also help inflammation, but I would recommend that you have a copper/ceruloplasmin level test by your health practitioner to ascertain your copper levels. In the light of how many years you have had fibro/celiac problems, correcting any deficiency by the correct dosage is important.
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\nHaving low copper levels for years can be dangerous over the long term and especially if your doctor is unaware of the problem. Most celiacs with low copper have to arrive at a regular dosage that suits their particular needs.
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\nPeople who have had a gastric bypass face the same problem.\r\n

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\r\n \r\n Liverock, thanks for the above links, especially for the following:
\n
\nCopper usually receives little coverage, but this unpretentious nutrient deserves center stage. It is time for a serious role review.
\nHere are two reasons: First, deficiency of this trace mineral can debilitate and threaten our lives, and second, deficiency develops with increased frequency in those of us with celiac disease, unlike the general population.
\n
\nCopper plays a critical role in the formation of a variety of proteins and enzymes involved in functions that keep us alive. Consequently, many disorders caused by copper deficiency stem from failure to adequately produce or release copper proteins and enzymes.
\n
\nCopper is required for hemoglobin production in red blood cells, production and function of white blood cells, the absorption, transport and use of iron, energy metabolism, the development, growth and maintenance of bone and connective tissue, the formation and maintenance of myelin sheath (outer surface of nerve fibers), adrenal hormone production, thyroid hormone production, muscle tone, immunity, reproduction, tissue repair, pigmentation of hair and skin, and proper growth and development of infants and children.
\n
\nCopper is so essential for the proper growth and development of infants and children that before birth, babies pull large amounts from their mother�s bloodstream to store it in their liver.
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\nThis is nature�s way of absolutely providing for the rapid growth of tissues, particularly blood cells, connective tissue, brain and nervous tissue that occurs after birth and before the baby can obtain copper from food.
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\nCopper is absorbed into our bloodstream from the upper small intestine. It is able to enter the lining unassisted, however, to get through the intestinal wall into the bloodstream, it must attach to a binding protein. In celiac disease, inflammation of the lining hampers copper�s ability to pass into the lining and inadequate availability of proteins limits its ability to transport from the lining into the bloodstream.
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\nCopper deficiency is characterized by fatigue, anemia, neutropenia (low level of neutrophils, the most common type of white blood cell that protect against infection), leukopenia (abnormal decrease of leukocytes or white blood cells), bone and joint abnormalities, skin abnormalities, impairment of nerve and muscle function, impairment of adrenal and thyroid gland function, reproductive difficulties and loss of hair and skin color.
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\nIn children, neutropenia and leukopenia are the best early indications of copper deficiency. Changes that are due to defective connective tissue formation include bleeding into the covering of bones, bleeding from aneurysms and bleeding from hemorrhoids. Death may result from brain degeneration, failure to make blood cells and hemorhage.
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\nHere are details:
\n
\n1. Role of copper in metabolism of iron and formation of hemoglobin.
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\nIron metabolism. Copper is required for the proper use of iron. As a normal part of blood, 90% of copper in our body is attached to a protein called ceruloplasmin. Ceruloplasmin speeds the oxidation of iron. This chemical conversion of iron is required for its binding to proteins that are involved in hemoglobin production and the transport and absorption of iron. Iron is the essential part of the hemoglobin molecule in red blood cells that carries oxygen through the bloodstream.
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\nHemoglobin formation. Copper is required in the production of hemoglobin, the vital component of red blood cells that picks up oxygen from the lungs and expressly carries it to cells of the body that require it. Consider that each red blood cell contains 200 million molecules of hemoglobin. Each molecule of hemoglobin is made up of an iron-containing part called hematin and a protein part called globin, hence the name hemoglobin. There are about 35 trillion red blood cells in an average person�s bloodstream. Think about how much hemoglobin that is!
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\nWhen we consider that a red blood cell dies after 120 days, meaning our red bone marrow must produce 2,400,000 cells per second to maintain normal blood levels, we can better appreciate the impact of copper deficiency in hemoglobin production.2
\n
\nHow does copper deficiency impact iron metabolism and hemoglobin production?
\n
\nDevelopment of anemia. Copper deficiency causes an anemia that appears identical to anemia caused by iron deficiency. Copper deficiency anemia develops from poor iron utilization stemming from inadequate ceruloplasmin production. That is, inferior blood cells are small and lack adequate hemoglobin. The telltale difference is that blood levels of ferritin, an iron-containing protein, are normal in copper deficiency while they are low in iron deficiency.
\n
\nSymptoms of copper deficiency anemia. Symptoms include irritability, fatigue, weakness, low energy, loss of appetite, dizziness, faintness, diminished mental alertness and function, and shortness of breath. Anemia, due to copper deficiency, can only be corrected with copper supplementation.
\n
\n2. Role of copper in energy metabolism and production.
\nCopper has a key role in energy metabolism due to the redox ability of copper ions (charged molecules), meaning copper ions rapidly give and take oxygen in chemical reactions.
\nWithin minute powerhouse structures of cells called mitochondria, the copper dependent enzyme, cytochrome c oxidase, provides for the creation of high energy molecules called ATP (adenosine triphosphate) by the mitochondria. ATP is the main source of energy for cell use.
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\nHow does copper deficiency impact energy levels?
\n
\nLow energy and easy fatigue result from inability to deliver adequate oxygen and energy to cells, thereby lessening their normal activities.
\n
\n3. Role of copper in connective tissue.
\n
\nConnective tissue connects and supports a variety of other tissues. Connective tissue is made up of collagen and elastin proteins. These proteins require copper for synthesis. In addition, copper is a cofactor for the activity of a vital enzyme called lysyl oxidase. This enzyme begins the formation of cross-linkages, which stabilize and provide strength to collagen and elastin.
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\nElastin is a rubber-like protein that gives strength and flexibility to such organs and tissues as blood vessels, spinal discs, skin, lungs and bronchial tubes, heart, gallbladder, and the digestive tract.
\n
\nCollagen is a strong, fibrous protein that makes up most of connective tissue. It is a main component of dermis (lower layer of skin) along with soft keratin, tendons, ligaments, deep fascia, bone, cartilage, and teeth (except enamel) forming the matrix of dentin, cementum, and alveolar bone. Collagen fibers also form the periodontal ligament, which attaches the teeth to their bony sockets. It fills out the cornea and lens of the eye.
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\nHow does copper deficiency impact connective tissue?
\n
\n
\n
\n
\nWhen copper is low, the body diverts copper from activity in connective tissue to more important uses, thereby weakening connective tissue and causing malfunction. Disorders that may develop in organs and tissues composed of connective tissue include:

• Slipped or herniated spinal discs. Spinal discs are located between vertebra and act like pads to separate and cushion these bones. Discs soften and may shrink due to lack of elastin. The vertebrae then cannot sit properly, causing the spine to get out of alignment, called subluxation. In turn, pressure against nerve roots produce problems in the part of the body served by the affected pinched nerve.
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• Faulty scar development and wound healing. Wounds and scar tissue development require copper for this collagen activity.
  
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• Weakened blood vessels.
\n

1. Aneurysms. Lack of copper reduces the strength of elastin, a main component of artery walls. Weakening of arterial walls leads to the development of aneurysms or bulging of arteries much like a bubble on a bicycle tire. Rupture of an aneurysm results in hemorrhage that may be fatal, depending on location. For example, a ruptured aortic aneurysm is always fatal because the aorta receives all the blood with each beat of our heart that must go to the body. A ruptured aneurysm in the brain is called a hemorrhagic stroke and is often fatal.
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\n2. Hemorrhoids. Veins in the anal area weaken and swell from lack of elastin. They may bleed profusely.
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\n
\n
\n3. Varicose veins. Thesedilated superficial veins may develop from faulty elastin, thus leading to poor circulation and swelling of the lower legs.

• Difficulty breathing. Diminished air flow may result from faulty elastin in the walls of bronchial tubes. The main bronchi and smaller bronchioles serve as passageways for air moving in and out of the lungs. In addition, lung tissue may be affected. Emphysema, an abnormal enlargement of air sacs that prevents normal expelling of air during respiration, may develop from lack of or faulty elastin in lung tissues.
\n
• Premature aging of skin. Depleted collagen and elastin with resulting lack of elasticity and flexibility leads to loose and wrinkling skin.
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• Premature graying. Copper is needed to make melanin, the pigment that colors hair and skin.
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• Bone abnormalities and fractures. The copper enzyme, lysyl oxidase, is involved in the cross-linking of collagen in forming the framework for depositing calcium and other minerals to build and repair bone. Copper is a required cofactor for the activity of lysyl oxidase. Brittle bones, poor healing of bone fractures that occur in weakened bones, especially of the neck, and osteoarthritis may develop. In preterm infants, osteoporosis, cupping and flaring of the growing portion of long bones and spontaneous fractures develop.
\n
• Diverticulosis of the bowel. Limited research points to faulty collagen in the bowel wall that may involve copper deficiency.
\n

Important to note: In addition to copper, vitamin C also plays a vital role in connective tissue. It is a cofactor that is essential for synthesizing collagen. Deficiency of vitamin C results in scurvy, a painful affliction stemming from weakened connective tissue, that can be fatal.
\n
\n4. Role of copper in preventing oxidative damage by free radicals.
\nCopper plays a critical anti-oxidant role in neutralizing certain free radicals that would damage cells. Copper is part of superoxide dismutase, an enzyme that destroys the free radical called superoxide. As the name implies, superoxide is a highly reactive form of oxygen produced during certain normal metabolic reactions. Superoxides must be regulated by conversion to safe molecules through the action of superoxide dismutase to prevent central nervous system and blood vessel damage.
\n
\nHow does copper deficiency impact oxidative damage?
\nCopper, when insufficient to provide for the formation of adequatesuperoxide dismutase, fails to protect us against the damaging effects of free oxygen radicals.
\n
\n5. Role of copper in immune system.
\nCopper, bound in ceruloplasmin, plays an important role in immune responses to infection.
\n
\nHow does copper deficiency impact the immune system?
\n
\nCopper deficiency weakens the immune system, permitting increased vulnerability to infection. Resulting immune malfunctions involve low activity of white blood cells to invading pathogens, poor cell response and low production of hormone by the thymus gland. Neutropenia, or low white blood cell count, is a hallmark of copper deficiency.
\n
\n6. Role of copper in thyroid health.
\nCopper is crucial to production of thyroid hormones.
\n
\nHow does copper deficiency impact thyroid health?
\n
\nLow copper levels may reduce thyroid function. Limited research suggests that copper status should be investigated in either hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, especially if the person does not respond as expected to thyroid medication.
\n
\n7. Role of copper in clotting.
\nCopper is a critical component of coagulation factor V and factor VIII both substances required for proper clotting of blood.
\n
\nHow does copper deficiency impact blood clotting?
\n
\nCopper deficiency increases the activity of factor VIII, increasing susceptibility to development of abnormal blood clots.
\n
\n8. Role of copper in the nervous system and brain activity.
\nCopper is required for various structures of the brain, particularly the formation and maintenance of the myelin sheath. The myelin sheath is a lipid-rich membrane surrounding nerve fibers that acts as an insulator to keep nerve impulses from straying.
\nCopper-containing enzymes are required in the formation, activity and breaking down of neurotransmitters. Neurotransmitters are essential chemicals needed for proper nervous system activity and include dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and serotonin.
\n
\nHow does copper deficiency impact nervous system health?
\n
\nImpaired function and decreased size and weight of the brain may result from destruction of neurons that cannot be reversed. Symptoms depend on the affected nerves. There may be peripheral neuropathy, a burning, numbness or tingling in the extremities, weakness or impaired thinking. Hypotonia, or poor muscle tone, may result from low copper. Significant deficiency in infants and young children results in mental retardation.
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\nImpaired activity results from low levels of neurotransmitters. For example, low serotonin results in depression and poor sleep. Low dopamine and norepinephrine results in low mental energy and poor ability to focus.
\n
\n9. Role of copper in health of infants and small children.
\nCopper is essential for normal growth and development.
\n
\nHow does copper deficiency impact infants and young children ? Copper deficiency first results in anemia and neutropenia, which involve weakness, low energy, irritability and frequent infections like colds and earaches. Other symptoms are poor muscle tone and coordination, persistent infantile diarrhea, impaired growth and weight gain, and bone abnormalities. Significant deficiency in infants and young children results in mental retardation.
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\n10. Role of copper in regulating heartbeats.
\nAn in depth study of postmenopausal women placed on a carefully controlled long-term copper deficient diet has documented the development of ventricular arrythmias.
\n
\n11. Role of copper in cancer.
\nColon cancer has been associated with copper deficiency in some research studies. Lysyl oxidase is an enzyme that is involved in tumor suppressor activity. Copper is a cofactor for the activity of lysyl oxidase.
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\nRisk Factors for copper deficiency other than malabsorption
\nHigh dose supplements of vitamin C (more than 1,000 mg) may make it harder to absorb copper. There is controversy about the effect of zinc supplements in doses higher than 50 mg. While is has been widely held that high dose zinc supplements interfere with copper absorption, a study published May 2004 did not find interference with copper absorption by zinc in subjects under tightly contolled diets. More research is needed.
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\nCopper storage in the body
\nCopper is stored in the liver and excess is excreted in bile or by the kidneys.
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\nRecommended Daily Allowances
\nThe Daily Reference Intakes (DRI) for copper are shown in the table below. Please note that amounts of copper listed below are in milligrams (mg) and micrograms (mcg). There are a thousand micrograms in one milligram, that is, I mg equals 1,000 mcg.
\nLife Stage Copper (mcg)
\n
\nInfants
\n0 � 6 months 200
\n7 � 12 months 220
\nChildren
\n1 � 3 years 340
\n4 � 8 years 440
\nMales
\n9 � 13 years 700
\n14 � 18 years 890
\n19 years and older 900
\nFemales
\n9 � 13 years 700
\n14 � 18 years 890
\n19 years and older 900
\nPregnancy 1,000
\nLactation 1,300
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\nFood Sources of Copper
\nCopper is found widely in animal products, except cow milk, and in foods such as nuts, seeds, whole grains, legumes, and chocolate. However, fruits and vegetables contain little copper. Specific food sources provided by the USDA (US Dept of Agriculture) are listed below.
\n
\nFood Copper (mg) and (mcg)
\nBeef liver, 3 oz. 2.4 2,400
\nOysters, cooked 3.5 oz 2 2,000
\nCashews, dry roasted, 1/4 cup 0.8 800
\nPumpkin seeds, roasted, 1/2 cup 0.7 700
\nBlack-eyed peas, cooked, 1/2 cup 0.7 700
\nClams, steamed, 3.5 oz 0.7 700
\nSunflower seeds, 1/4 cup 0.6 600
\nMolasses, blackstrap, 2 Tbsp. 0.6 600
\nUnsweetened chocolate, 1 oz 0.6 600
\nBeans, refried, 1/2 cup 0.5 500
\nV-8 juice, 1 cup 0.5 500
\nTofu, firm, 1/2 cup 0.5 500
\nCocoa powder, 2 Tbsp. 0.4 400
\nPrunes, dried, 10 0.4 400
\nSalmon, baked, 3 oz. 0.3 300
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\nStorage, Processing, and Cooking
\n
\nProcessing of whole grains strips them of their germ and bran layer, which contains copper and many other nutrients. The remedy is to buy and consume more whole grains, such as brown rice and buckwheat, and rice and corn bran, that can be added to cereals, baked goods, meat loafs and such. Long-term cooking can substantially reduce the copper in foods such as dried beans. The remedy is to consume the liquid used for cooking rather than pouring it away. Making soups, stews, pot roasts and casseroles are excellent ways to preserve copper in food preparation.
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\nTests and Treatment
\n
\nTests for copper deficiency involve blood analysis of copper and ceruloplasmin levels. At present they are not completely reliable.
\nTreatment is directed at the cause of the deficiency. In celiac disease, it would be a copper-rich gluten-free diet that may initially require the addition of 2 to 5mg cupric ion daily as oral supplement.
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\nAlthough I agree with most of the above article, I want to make a very specific point, and that is gluten interferes with the absorption of all minerals, not just copper. Doctor Joel Wallach has been stating this for years. He also compares bread to beer since they are made from the same ingredients, thus beer belly can be compared to bread belly.
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\nGrains are fed to feedlot animals because they cause weight gain, and if they cause weight gain in animals, they cause weight gain in humans as well.\r\n

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